Chapter 3

Deliverability: The impact of inbox placement

Email deliverability looks simple on the surface. You either reach the inbox or you don’t. But anyone responsible for email at scale knows it’s rarely that straightforward.

Behind every successful send is a complex mix of infrastructure, authentication, reputation management, and more. Beyond the technicalities, deliverability is a strategic investment in customer communication.

In this chapter, we’ll find out why half of the senders we surveyed call email deliverability “extremely important.” Plus, get clear advice on how to maximize your organization’s inbox placement.
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Key findings on email deliverability

Nearly 9 out of 10 respondents in Sinch Mailgun’s survey feel that reaching the inbox is important to their organization. Those respondents include C-suite executives as well as VPs and director-level job roles. Among that group of business leaders, 52% described their ability to reach the inbox as extremely important.

While 43% of all survey participants believe their company’s email deliverability improved in the last year, around the same amount (42%) say it stayed the same.

Compared to results from Mailgun’s State of email deliverability 2025 research, there appear to be improvements in the adoption of important best practices. That’s especially true for email authentication as the latest sender requirements from Google, Yahoo, and Microsoft very likely prompted more organizations to implement and enforce the specification known as DMARC

89%

say deliverability is important to their organization. (50% of all senders call it “extremely important.”)

43%

say their ability to reach the inbox has improved in the last 12 months.

40%

say staying out of spam is a significant deliverability challenge (most common answer).

51%

of senders using DMARC are now enforcing policies of quarantine or reject.

35%

say email authentication is a top priority when optimizing for inbox placement (top response).

56%

say they’re using deliverability monitoring tools to measure their ability to reach the inbox.

One thing that hasn’t changed since we started asking senders about deliverability is what’s perceived as the biggest problem. 40% of survey respondents call staying out of spam a top deliverability challenge. Landing in spam was the top challenge in 2025 and 2024 as well.

However, keeping your emails out of spam is only one of many reasons to focus on inbox placement. The truth is, avoiding spam shouldn’t be your goal at all. Even deliverability experts like Mailgun’s Alison Gootee say the point is to improve. specific business goals, not just email metrics. 

“Starting from the goal of not getting caught by spam filters or having good deliverability is the wrong goal. Your goal is probably to sell this product, get more customers, keep people informed, or educate people. So, I think focusing on deliverability is huge. But I think you should start with your business goals for email and then make deliverability a part of that.”
Photo of Alison Gootee
Alison Gootee Deliverability Advocacy Specialist, Sinch Mailgun

Is inbox placement improving?

A lot can happen on the way to the inbox. Sometimes messages land in spam, other times emails bounce, and they could be rejected due to a blocklisting or authentication issues.

The inbox is where every email sender wants to be. And by the way, when bulk emails get filtered into the Promotions tab, it still counts as successful inbox placement.

Our survey found 43% of senders saw their ability to reach the inbox improve in the last 12 months. Another 42% said it stayed about the same.

Staying the same is perfectly fine if you’re already experiencing good inbox placement. It’s a different story if you’re stuck and struggling with deliverability.

In that case, inbox placement improvements should be prioritized. The same can be said of the combined 15% of senders who saw inbox placement decline last year and those who simply don’t know where they stand.

So, how are senders finding out if their deliverability is strong or needs work? 

How do senders measure email deliverability?

Mailgun’s research found 56% of senders are using specific deliverability monitoring tools to help them understand their ability to reach the inbox.

40% of senders rely on the analytics from their email service provider (ESP). That could include monitoring common metrics like the delivery rate and open rate.

Just over 30% run tests against spam filters and 25% use seed mailbox tests, also known as inbox placement testing.

22% get insights from a deliverability consultant or specialist. Only 6% of those surveyed say they aren’t measuring email deliverability at all. 


The value of inbox placement testing

An inbox placement test uses a collection of email addresses from various providers (seed mailboxes), which the sender or a third-party owns. Test emails are delivered to these addresses before the real message is sent. The test offers reliable insights into how mailbox providers are likely to filter a message. This lets you adjust for better deliverability before an important campaign or customer update launches.

You can run your own inbox placement tests in our deliverability suite, Mailgun Optimize. See where your emails will land before you hit send. 

Deliverability vs the delivery rate

In our 2025 report on the state of email deliverability, we slipped in a question asking participants to define what the delivery rate measures. Nearly 88% of senders failed to identify the correct definition of this metric. 51% thought the delivery rate measured the ability to reach the inbox, and 23% believed it was an overall deliverability metric. Both these answers are wrong.

Only 12% of senders in last year’s research knew that the delivery rate measures the percentage of emails that land in any folder – that includes the spam folder. So, the delivery rate is not measuring inbox placement.

There is no feasible way to look inside the mailboxes of every contact on your list to find out where each email landed. That’s why inbox placement tests exist. You can see the delivery rate, because it simply measures how many emails are accepted. This is done when a 250 OK SMTP response is returned from the receiving mail server. But again… an email could be accepted and then filtered into spam.

Deliverability rate – the metric that doesn’t exist

We slipped another tricky question into this year’s survey. When we asked respondents to select all the metrics they use to measure email performance, 36% of senders claim they are actively monitoring their email deliverability rate.

Of course, the big problem here is that there is no such thing as an email deliverability rate. The results of an inbox placement test (or inbox placement rate) would be the closest thing. However, keep in mind, those tests are conducted pre-send and provide an approximation of how mailbox providers like Gmail and Outlook will filter your message. If you want to understand your email program, knowing the difference is important. 

“It’s a huge risk to believe your delivery rate measures deliverability. You could deliver 100% of your emails and 100% of them could be in the spam folder and you wouldn’t’ know. You might just see low open rates. Or you could see zero complaints and think, ‘I’m killing it. No one is complaining.’ But you can’t complain about mail that’s in the spam folder already.”
Photo of Alison Gootee
Alison Gootee Deliverability Advocacy Specialist, Sinch Mailgun

Email deliverability challenges

While good deliverability involves much more than just staying out of spam, the problem is top of mind for many email senders.

40% say landing in spam is one of their three biggest deliverability challenges, making it by far the most common choice.

Many of the other common challenges were selected by around a quarter of survey respondents. They include: 

  • Maintaining list hygiene (27%)
  • Measuring deliverability (25%)
  • Reducing bounces (25%)
  • Low subscriber engagement (25%)
  • Improving sender reputation (24%)
  • Staying off email blocklists (23%)

Setting up email authentication protocols (15%) and concerns about spam complaints (17%) were lower on the list of challenges.

The irony here? If landing in spam is a problem, you should definitely be paying closer attention to your spam complaint rate.

The best way to stay out of the spam folder 

Deliverability should not be a cat and mouse game. If you really are actively trying to avoid spam filters, then it’s quite likely you’re acting like a spammer. If that’s true, the spam folder might be where you belong.

The best way to stay out spam is to send emails that people want them and who want to receive them. Seth Godin defined this approachin his 1999 book Permission Marketing back when businesses first started using email for customer communication. Godin said every email you send should be anticipated, personal, and relevant. In a world full of cluttered inboxes that are filled with brands trying to earn attention, that’s even truer today than it was more than 25 years ago.

Alison Gootee says better inbox placement begins with thinking about your contact list – not the spam filters. 

“Instead of avoiding getting caught, I wish more senders would think, ‘How can I avoid annoying anyone so much that they want to reach for the spam button?’ Too many senders are more worried about the automated decision than the human ones. But it’s humans who you want engaging with your emails, and it’s humans who hit the report spam button.”
Photo of Alison Gootee
Alison Gootee Deliverability Advocacy Specialist, Sinch Mailgun

Priorities for inbox placement

Before a new email automation launches or your company sends its next big email campaign, what should be optimized to improve your chances of hitting the inbox?

According to 35% of survey respondents, you should be checking your email authentication protocols. Misaligned or non-existent authentication can cause problems, but that’s just one piece of the puzzle.

Email content is a top priority for 24% of senders. Personalized emails and content created for certain segments will lead to better engagement, which supports improved deliverability. But the idea that using words like “free” in a subject line will get you filtered into spam is untrue. Still, using spammy language too frequently could increase your spam complaints.

List hygiene is the top priority for 19% of senders and 11% prioritize segmenting contacts by engagement, which is technically a form of list hygiene.

Only 6% of senders said they aren’t optimizing emails for inbox placement at all. 

Authentication and deliverability

The reason many senders prioritize email authentication is likely connected to the fact that major mailbox providers started getting serious about requiring it recently.

In 2024, Google and Yahoo made Sender Policy Framework (SPF) and DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) a requirement for reaching their users. They also required that bulk senders implement DMARC (Domain-based Messaging Authentication, Reporting and Conformance).

Microsoft followed their lead and announced similar requirements in 2025. Without DMARC, bulk emails to Gmail, Yahoo Mail, and Outlook will likely get rejected.

The result or this requirement? A noticeable increase in DMARC adoption.

While most bulk senders already used SPF and DKIM, mailbox providers have been pushing for higher DMARC implementation for years.

Here’s how it stands today: 

  • 61% of senders are using DMARC.
  • 12% are working on DMARC implementation.
  • 13% are unsure about DMARC.
  • 14% say they are not using DMARC.

Tracking DMARC implementation increases

When Mailgun first started asking senders about DMARC in 2023, around 43% said they were using the protocol.

After the Google and Yahoo sender requirements in 2024, it jumped 11 points to 54% who’d implemented DMARC.

That growth continued in 2025 to 61% – another 7% year-over-year increase in DMARC adoption. According to our research that’s an 18% increase since 2023.

Since this is a requirement for bulk senders, it’s interesting that higher volume senders (100K+ emails/month) are only slightly more likely (65%) to have implemented DMARC.

The 2025 research also shows 20% of high-volume senders either haven’t set up DMARC or unsure if it’s being used. That suggests there’s still room for improvement.  

Barriers to stronger email authentication

We also asked the 40% of respondents who aren’t using DMARC, including those working to implement it, to identify what’s keeping them from adopting the specification.

28%

of senders who don’t use DMARC admit they don’t know what it is. (This equals 12% of all senders surveyed.)

23%

say they don’t use DMARC because their team lacks the technical knowledge to implement it.

19%

say their organization’s complex infrastructure makes it difficult to set up DMARC.

14%

say they’re struggling with DMARC configuration, meaning they’re trying but it’s not yet in place.

Finally, 8% of senders who aren’t using DMARC to support email authentication say they simply don’t see the value in doing so. But the truth is, despite the challenges, DMARC provides plenty of value.

Why DMARC is good for email

DMARC adoption helps everyone involved in the email ecosystem. That goes for mailbox provides, customers and contacts, and senders like your company. Here’s why:

  • For email recipients, DMARC makes it harder for scammers to get phishing emails into inboxes. That makes email safer to use and a more trustworthy communication channel.
  • For email senders, DMARC protects your domain and your business’s reputation. You don’t want scammers spoofing your brand and making you look bad when customers fall for phishing emails.
  • For mailbox providers, DMARC protects their platforms, keeping bad actors out of the inbox and improving the experience for their users.

DMARC is the best way to keep phishing emails from reaching the inbox. So, the only people it hurts are the bad guys. When you set up DMARC, you’re doing your part to ensure email remains a useful customer communication channel. However, you also need to enforce DMARC to truly protect inboxes from phishing.

“Setting up DMARC is an excellent first step, but you need to have a policy that either quarantines or rejects emails that fail authentication. This means those failures are either filtered into spam or blocked entirely. Without enforcing DMARC, you’ll get reports, but you’ll be doing nothing at all to stop phishing emails from reaching your customers and contacts.”
Photo of Kate Nowrouzi
Kate Nowrouzi VP of Deliverability & Product Strategy, Sinch

DMARC policies in 2026

When your team sets up DMARC, they’ll need to choose a policy. There are three options:

  • The p=none policy tells receiving mail servers not to act when emails fail authentication.
  • The p=quarantine policy tells the mail server to keep authentication failures out of the inbox. They’ll be filtered into spam instead.
  • The p=reject policy tells receiving mail servers not to accept emails that fail authentication. They’ll bounce instead.

As of this writing, mailbox providers like Gmail and Outlook only require DMARC with a p=none policy. Stricter enforcement requirements are expected in the future.

But there’s good news. Our research shows many senders are already choosing to enforce DMARC with policies of quarantine or reject.

For the first time in our research, p=none (21%) was not the most common policy. 34% of senders now say their DMARC policy is set to quarantine and another 18% are rejecting authentication failures. This means more than half of senders using DMARC now enforce it.

Still, a surprising 27% of senders using DMARC aren’t sure what policy they have in place.

A sharp spike in BIMI implementation

Mailbox providers and others in the email industry introduced Brand Indicators for Message Identification (BIMI) years ago to encourage DMARC adoption.

BIMI lets senders display a copyrighted logo in mailboxes where the specification is supported. But you only qualify for a BIMI logo if your DMARC policy is set to quarantine or reject.

The first two years that Mailgun asked about BIMI, less than 10% of senders said they were using it. This year 22% of all senders say they’ve set up BIMI. Among senders using DMARC, that equates to 37%.

Another 15% of those who’ve adopted DMARC say they are in the process of getting BIMI set up.  

The benefits of BIMI

What makes BIMI an enticing way to encourage DMARC adoption? Turns out there are some advantages to displaying inbox logos.

For one thing, it could increase trust among customers and contacts that your emails are safe. It may also help your messages stand out in crowded inboxes. Both these things could lead to higher email engagement.

BIMI users in our survey agree. 76% say they’ve noticed benefits after launching an inbox logo. Those benefits range from more opens and clicks to better brand recall.

While a combined 24% say they haven’t noticed benefits from BIMI, or they’re unsure if it’s helping, a little extra brand awareness can’t hurt.

Learn more about BIMI and how to get started. 

List hygiene: Housekeeping for your contact database

Most senders have established good habits when it comes to email list hygiene.

Our research reveals that 33% of senders conduct list hygiene at least monthly and another 29% do it quarterly. Just under 17% do it up to twice per year, which is the recommended minimum.

A combined 22% of senders in this year’s survey admit they rarely or never conduct list hygiene. But that’s a significant improvement from our 2025 deliverability report, which found 39% of senders were neglecting to clean up their contact lists. 

How is your company keeping it clean? A well-managed email list is a sign of a responsible sender and a healthy email program. Maintaining good list hygiene includes permission-based list building practices, email address validation, suppression lists, and segmentation strategies that help you identify your most engaged contacts as well as those you should remove from your database.

Who is using the double opt-in method? 

A clean and healthy email list starts at signup. Many senders verify or validate that new contacts are using legitimate email addresses before adding them to the list.

Other senders take the extra step of using a double opt in. This is when new subscribers must click a link in an initial email that confirms their intent to subscribe. If they do, it’s a very good sign they’ll engage with what you send

Our survey found 46% of senders use the double opt-in method to confirm new subscribers. That’s up from 40% in 2025.

Another 44% of respondents say they’re not using this method, and 10% are unsure about their opt-in process.

The double opt-in method is an excellent way to both document that you obtained permission, and ensure you build an engaged email list

“Time and time again, something I’ve realized is that compliance issues almost always start with the permission process. They all thought they had permission, but it wasn’t sufficient. Permission goes beyond meeting legal requirement or technicalities. The permission people give you is the greatest indicator of their future engagement. And good engagement is the way you stay in the inbox and out of spam.” 
Photo of Alison Gootee
Alison Gootee Deliverability Advocacy Specialist, Sinch Mailgun 

Who is using a sunset policy?

Another effective list hygiene practice involves establishing a sunset policy.

With a sunset policy, you set thresholds for unengaged contacts. Then, you either quarantine these emails and send to them less often. Or, you can proactively unsubscribe them and remove contacts from the list.

Low engagement sends negative signals to mailbox providers. In fact, if it gets too low, you start looking like a spammer. Good engagement shows mailbox providers you’re delivering emails people want.

Sunset policies ensure you’re sending the right signal while dropping potentially damaging and wasteful dead weight.

Our survey found 40% of respondents are using a sunset policy, but even more (47%) are not, and another 13% are not sure. 

There are different ways to determine whether a contact is unengaged. Sinch Mailgun’s research revealed that 67% of senders with sunset policies use a time-based threshold. In other words, they sunset contacts after they don’t engage with emails for a certain number of weeks or months.

Another 29% will sunset contacts after they fail to engage with a specific number of email sends or campaigns. Most time-based strategies use a window of 30 to 90 days without engagement. Most campaign based sunset policies send at least 10 emails before an unengaged contact is removed. 

Who is monitoring blocklists?

Email senders can end up on lists too – but these are lists you definitely don’t want to be on.

An email blocklisting will disrupt the flow of customer communication and cause plenty of headaches for your business. Essentially, being listed blocks your emails from delivery and they bounce.

There are a variety of lists that contain IP addresses and domains that are suspected of bad sending practices. But it’s not always the sender’s fault.

Keeping an eye on the most prevalent email blocklists can prevent a customer communication disaster. Our research found just over half of senders are actively monitoring blocklists for their domain or sending IPs.

Of course, that leaves another 50% who aren’t monitoring for what has the potential to be a very costly problem. Senders monitor blocklists because the sooner they know, the sooner it can be remediated.

For example, imagine launching a huge Black Friday email only to realize Gmail is blocking your promotions.

Who is separating mail streams?

There are different types of emails, the most common two being promotional messages and transactional emails.

Email promotions are almost always mass marketing sends while transactional emails typically contain informational updates sent to individual contacts. Sending these types of emails from the same domain or IP can be problematic.

Our research found 52% of respondents are separating mail streams on different subdomains or IP addresses.

Besides marketing and transactional emails, some senders also have dedicated subdomains for sales outreach and/or lifecycle email automations.

This practice is most common among high-volume senders with more complex email programs. Survey results show 64% of those sending more than 100K emails monthly separate mail streams. 

The reason senders adopt this practice is because your reputation as a sender is directly tied to where emails come from (AKA your domain and IP reputation). Marketing emails are more likely to be reported as spam. Cold sales emails could be even more likely to generate complaints. But people rarely complain about messages like order confirmations and password resets. If sales outreach, promotions, and important customer updates come from the same domain or IP, it increases the risk of transactional email getting filtered into spam.

Who is monitoring their sender reputation?

Sender reputation is often compared to a credit score. That’s because it’s a way for mailbox providers to decide if you’re a trustworthy sender, or if letting your emails into the inbox is a risk.

There are several services that help you monitor your reputation with mailbox providers. They include Google Postmaster Tools, Microsoft SNDS, and the Yahoo Sender Dashboard.

These services are free and offer important insights that you can act on to improve or protect your sender reputation. But not everyone is taking advantage.

Mailgun’s research reveals 53% of senders in our survey actively monitor their reputation, but 37% are not and 10% don’t know if it’s being monitored.

What tools do you use?

In Mailgun’s 2025 deliverability report, we asked senders which reputation management tools they used. Google Postmaster Tools (28%) was the most popular option. But at the time, the majority of senders (70%) said they weren’t using any of these free services at all. Keep in mind, mailbox providers offer these tools because they want senders to make improvements and do the right thing for those using their email services.

The question isn’t why should you monitor your sender reputation – it’s why not? 

What impacts your sender reputation?

Last year, Google made some changes to Postmaster Tools. Namely, the dashboard no longer includes a graph that visualizes IP and domain reputation with easy-to-understand colors representing High, Medium, Low, and Bad. Many people appreciated this simple snapshot.

The reputation graph in Postmaster Tools is no more. Google Postmaster Tools reputation chart

But Alison Gootee thinks you shouldn’t sweat this update. She says sender reputation is much more nuanced than that, and it essentially boils down to two key factors:

  • User behavior: How recipients interact with your messages. Do they open, click, reply, or move them to folders? Or do they ignore, delete, or mark as spam?
  • Technical compliance: Are your messages authenticated, properly formatted, and aligned with Gmail’s and the industry’s standards?

Rather than worrying about colors, Alison says you should focus on doing things that truly support a stronger reputation.

Another trap is assuming that what you see in Google Postmaster Tools reflects the way other mailbox providers view you. That may not be the case, but you won’t know unless you’re checking out services like Microsoft SNDS and the Yahoo Sender Dashboard as well. 

“It’s very important to keep in mind that you don’t have just one reputation as a sender. It’s just like how your personal reputation may be different among certain friends or family members. As an email sender, you can theoretically have a great Gmail reputation and a really bad one with Hotmail.“
Photo of Alison Gootee
Alison Gootee Deliverability Advocacy Specialist, Sinch Mailgun 

The connection between email accessibility and deliverability

Email accessibility ensures every customer and contact on your list can read and interact with what you send. That means better email engagement.

Since consistently strong engagement improves your chances of reaching the inbox, it’s easy to see why making emails accessible supports deliverability.

There are also legal reasons to make digital communications like email more accessible.

In the U.S. there’s the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). And in 2025, the EU enacted the European Accessibility Act (EAA).

Much like the GDPR, any organization with customers in the EU should be thinking about this legislation. But our global research shows 45% of senders have never heard of the EAA. 17% are somewhat familiar and 38% are aware of the new accessibility directive from the EU. 

Why you should care about sending accessible emails

When asked about meeting accessibility standards, only 36% of senders said they were concerned about sending accessible emails. 39% said they were not concerned while 25% were unsure.

Beyond the benefits of improved engagement and avoiding potential litigation or bad press, making your emails accessible is the right thing to do. Unfortunately, email industry research reflects our finding that most senders aren’t concerned.

The following statistics come from the Email Markup Consortium (EMC). They reflect in-depth research from the group’s Accessibility Report 2025, which examined the accessibility of more than 440,00 emails.  

99.9%

of emails the EMC tested had accessibility issues considered critical or serious.

67%

of emails the EMC tested lacked a lang attribute to help screen readers apply the correct language.

51%

of emails the EMC tested were missing alt text to help screen readers describe images.

Many of the ways you can improve email accessibility are easy to accomplish, and there’s no reason to ignore them. Not only will they make it easier for people with disabilities to engage with your emails, but they also make the inbox experience better for all of your customers and subscribers.

“As we are transcending more and more into a digital world, the importance of this accessibility act is becoming even more relevant. Many users are opting to use online sites and applications instead of the physical domain. A great example is in the banking industry where over 70% of all bankers are using digital banking applications instead of in-bank experiences. So now more than ever, people with disabilities need to have guaranteed access to this digital world.”
Photo of Darine Fayed
Darine Fayed VP General Council EMEA, Sinch

Email deliverability tools that make an impact

When you decide to invest in email deliverability, you need to choose where your investment will make the biggest impact. That often includes choosing tools designed to help. This will depend on the deliverability challenges your organization is facing.

If you have list hygiene issues, email validation tools can help. If you’re concerned your emails are landing in spam, inbox placement testing can shed some light on the issue. Email previews can help you optimize your HTML email campaigns for better engagement.

We asked senders to identify which deliverability tools they believed provided the biggest positive impact on their efforts to reach inboxes. These were the top six options: 

78%

say email validation tools have a high or moderate impact.

71%

say reputation monitoring tools have a high or moderate impact.

66%

say blocklist monitoring tools have a high or moderate impact.

62%

say inbox placement testing (or seed testing) has a high or moderate impact.

59%

say DMARC reporting tools have a high or moderate impact.

52%

say hiring a deliverability consultant has a high or moderate impact.

Find the right partner with a diverse deliverability toolkit, and you may not have to choose.

Trust Sinch Mailgun to put you on the path to better deliverability

Trust Sinch Mailgun to put you on the path to better deliverability

In addition to our industry-leading email delivery platform, Mailgun Send, you can also find solutions built to help your organization demystify deliverability, reach more inboxes, and maximize your investment in the email channel.

Improve inbox placement 
 
Mailgun Optimize is our complete deliverability suite.  
 
Get a collection of tools designed to help your email program scale with simplicity. 
 
That includes inbox placement tests, validations, reputation monitoring, and many other features built to optimize every email you send. 

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Validate every contact 
 
Mailgun Validate helps you focus on list hygiene and reduce waste. 
 
Stop sending emails to addresses that don’t exist. Use this tool to verify new subscribers or clean up your existing contact database. 
 
Validate does much more than catch typos in email addresses. It even keeps bots from abusing your forms. 

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Conduct email QA 
 
Mailgun Inspect lets email teams conduct quality assurance to gain confidence before hitting send. 
 
Take advantage of email previews on 100+ devices and clients. Plus, use the accessibility checker to boost email engagement. 
 
Inspect includes many other QA tests that ensure every email is flawless. 

Find Out More
Email benchmarks: How do you measure up? Chapter 2 Email benchmarks: How do you measure up? AI and the future of email Chapter 4 AI and the future of email